منطقة الجوف-جامعة الجوف

Introduction

Despite the great development achieved by the aquaculture sector in the Kingdom in recent years, it is still an emerging sector in terms of the volume of production and expansion and its impact on the economic development of the Kingdom. Where the first steps began to study the reality of fisheries and submit proposals for the start of the introduction of aquaculture operations into the Kingdom in the late seventies of the last century and this was through the White Fish Authority, which conducted the first research on the selection of species and the possibility of establishing aquaculture projects in the Kingdom.

The Kingdom believes in the importance of marine life and has adopted strategies and policies to limit any interference in the marine system. This has become possible through the adoption of the National Strategy for Preserving the Kingdoms Biodiversity, established in 2005, which aims to ensure the preservation and development of biological diversity by studying the current status of biological diversity, the threats faced, and the means to preserve and develop it.

The fundamental importance of aquaculture is one of the important areas that will provide food to the growing population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the associated economic and social aspects and the sustainable development of some remote coastal areas in the Kingdom. Aquaculture has been an important sector in the world and has begun to grow day by day as the volume of supplies of marine fisheries shrinks as a result of continuous fishing and the risk of extinction of some important economic species of fish. As well as the natural disasters that have befallen marine fisheries during the past years as a result of high temperatures and lack of oxygen, given the volume of consumption per capita (10 kg / year / capita) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia of seafood, the amount of consumption is constantly rising and is a candidate to reach the global average, which reaches more than 25 kg per year.

Protecting aquatic ecosystems is important due to some aquatic systems can protect us from natural disasters. Mangrove, coral reef can reduce the effects of natural disasters such as Tsunami. Clusters of tanks absorb floods. Due to human activities, aquatic ecosystems are destroyed. JOUF university provides awareness programs to improve the knowledge of people, and rules and regulations to avoid those destructions.

KSA government aims to effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. Moreover, JOUF university shows the increase in the scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of our country.

Ministry of Environment and Water Branch Meets with a Team from Al Jawf University to Activate Cooperation Agreement
In order to activate the cooperation agreement signed between the branch of the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture in the Al-Jawf region, and Al-Jawf University, which was witnessed by His Highness the Amir of Al-Jawf Region, may Allah protect him, and His Excellency the Minister of Environment, Water and Agriculture a few days ago.

The Director General of the Branch of the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture in Al-Jawf Region held a meeting with the Vice President of Al-Jawf University for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Dr. Salem bin Mubarak Al-Enezi at the Camel and Pasture Research Center and the Olive Research Unit in Al-Jawf in the presence of a group of professors and researchers from the University, in a visit aimed at reviewing the facilities of the Center and identifying its technical and technical components and joint cooperation to provide technical consultations to develop the Center's laboratories and research fields, and to start activating the agreement.

The two sides stressed that the agreement will contribute, God willing, to conducting many research projects between the Ministry and the University and maximizing the use of the resources of the Center and researchers at the University to create a participatory work that serves research sciences in the fields of environment, water and agriculture in the region.

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FISHING IN THE AL-JAWF REGION OF SAUDI ARABIA
Arabs have been interested in and practiced hunting since ancient times because of the nature of their Bedouin lives and the limited resources in most of the environments in which they live. The hunting of different animals and the use of a number of plants growing in deserts was a source of livelihood and a good livelihood for many of them; they went out to hunt on individual and group trips that varied according to the conditions of the people and their places in the quality of the means used in hunting, the numbers of participants in the trip, and other equipment they needed, and thus it is the sport of rich and poor alike.

Hunting trips for oryx, antelopes, houbara and howl are some of the most popular trips to be prepared early on, and weapons, ammunition, falcons, trained dogs, cars, luggage and more are prepared for a journey that can take weeks and sometimes even months.

In addition to the importance of hunting in providing some of the basic requirements of life for the people of Arabia, it has been - and continues to be - of great importance in that it is a source of pleasure, picnic and equestrianism, and a wide field in training in methods of expulsion, combat and the use of weapons of all kinds, as well as a field of pride and pride among peers, and in the community of the tribe in strength, ingenuity, ability, and happiness of parents and relatives with what is hunted. It is also an area for boasting and boasting about the hunter's types of weapons and expensive trained falcons.

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) explained in the hadith of Uday ibn Hatem about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) that he said: "What I learned from a dog or a baz and then sent it and mentioned the name of Allah be upon him, all that was held on you, I said: If he is killed, he said: If he is killed and he does not eat anything, he will catch it on you." There are many other hadiths in this section. Islam also showed the permissible types of hunting and impermissible in terms of gender and sex, and prohibited hunting in certain places such as the harams of Mecca and Medina, and certain times such as the Hajj, and warned against killing just to enjoy and extravagance in killing.

Since ancient times, fishermen have inherited many customs and traditions that indicate the ethics and etiquette of practicing this authentic Arab sport, such as: not to hunt the prey that feeds them out of a sense of weakness, and to avoid fishing on water resources if a fisherman throws prey on a manhole that gives it time to quench as the slow one said: give it a chance to quench its thirst as if it is from it to its blood that is darker, and not to use the poisons that killed the animal, and other things that do not give the opportunity to the hunter to get rid of the hunter. They also used to gift hunting meat among the fishermen's group, as well as to give gifts to relatives and friends. These include choosing the right time for hunting such as cloudy days, not torturing the animal, and not damaging the property and plantations that the hunter passes through while roaming in search of hunting.

Hunting is not only fun, equestrian and bragging, it is also knowledge, endurance, chivalry, magnanimity, and generosity. It also requires knowledge of the conditions of the game, the nature of the animal, its species, its genera, its qualities, the forms of its impact on the land, knowledge of the weather conditions, when to prefer to hunt and when to stop, and the hunter must know the types of weapons used, what suits each hunt, as well as the knowledge of falcons and their types if they are used by them, and the types of predators used such as: greyhounds. In hunting, it endures the conditions that he may encounter while sniping, such as: long walks, hunger, thirst, and possibly prolonged loss in the desert.

Hunters used multiple types of hunting tools such as: spears, arrows, and others in ancient times, and then evolved and included primitive rifles such as: wick rifles, finger mother, funnel and others. These weapons gave the parcel the opportunity to escape if they were not injured the first time, but this situation changed when hunters began to use multi-shot weapons such as um Khams, um (eleven), machine guns and the like, which rarely enables the animal to escape.

Since ancient times, the Arabs have also used - and still do - falcons of all kinds and dogs trained to hunt various game, especially birds such as: houbara, croissants, cats, pigeons, duck species and others. One of the most famous species of falcons used in hunting in the Arabian Peninsula is the free falcon, which is the most famous, used and most expensive, and is characterized by the strength of structure, and its most famous colors: blonde, red, and speckled, a migratory bird from Central Asia and Eastern Europe, and passes during its migration in the northwest of the Kingdom.

The peregrine is the second most famous falcon, and it is larger than the free falcon, and from it the sea and mountainous, and its most famous colors: red and black, it is a strong bird that is fast flying, and comes as a migrant from Central Asia and the southern Arctic.

The Sinjari falcon is similar in size to the peregrine and is also a migratory falcon with a strong structure, and is white, gray or brown in color. The Walker falcon is medium in size, has a yellowish-orange top of its head and lives in Central Asia and Eastern Europe, as well as in the Levant and Arabia. One of the youngest falcons, El-Baz is characterized by being red-eyed, yellow-legged, native to Western Europe and East Asia, and is found in the Levant and North Africa. One of the most famous greyhounds, including multiple breeds, is characterized by neck length, short back, abdominal atrophy, length of legs and ears, is a fast runner, and its most famous colors: blonde, reddish-brown, and grayish-black. It is used by many fishing enthusiasts in the Kingdom.

There are a number of game that fishermen are fond of searching for and catching and incurring in their precious demand for means of hunting such as weapons, prey, belongings, transportation, etc. Among the most famous of these games are: the ancient Arabian oryx, as well as antelopes of all kinds, howls, hares and lint. There are those who hunt grasshoppers, porcupines, hyenas and other mammal species.

As for the birds, the most famous are: houbara, karwan, pigeons, yammams, lunar, partridges, turkeys, cats, duck and granite species, and many species of migratory birds during their passage through the Kingdom, especially early winter and autumn. There are also fishermen specialized in hunting migratory falcons such as: al-Hur, Shiahin and others as they pass through the north and west of the Kingdom, and along the coasts of the western region. The most frequent reptiles are fog, especially in the center and north of the Kingdom, where they are eaten, as sea turtles are hunted in the Gulf and the Red Sea, and collect their eggs to eat, as well as freshwater turtles in the east of the Kingdom.

Game of antelopes of all kinds, oryx, howls, rabbits, and a number of bird species were widely available at the beginning of the last century AH. The elderly recall that deer herds were seen in a number of areas of their spread in all regions of the Kingdom without exception, but these numbers began to decrease shortly after the middle of the last century AH due to intensive and overfishing in all areas, and was helped to speed up their elimination by the use of cars, especially four-wheel drive, and the availability of multi-shot weapons, and the dedication of large numbers of people to this activity after the unification of the Kingdom, in addition to the lack of a body to regulate the hunting process at that time. The result was that all kinds of shades such as antelopes, the Arabian Oryx, as well as the Asian leopard, and before them the ostrich and the wild donkey, became extinct, and only a number of howls that took refuge in the high mountains were spared.

Most of the people of the Badia are skilled fishermen and they are categories:

The first category: They are fond of hunting from an early age, learn hunting skills, learn about the types of animals and weapons from their parents, grandparents and peers, and practice it daily while roaming with their sheep and sheep. Hunting for them is a pension, equestrian and a use of time.

A second category of fishermen from cities and villages is fond of hunting and very interested in hunting, preserving its time, preparing for its seasons, and preparing weapons, predators, cars and materiel for it.

A third category is animal collectors, most of whom are new to the practice required by the local market for the sale of animals, the emergence of institutions concerned with the display of various animals, especially exotic ones, as well as hunting for medical institutions that require certain species of animals such as snakes for the production of serums. They are also asked to hunt certain animals such as tigers, hyenas and others to use parts of their bodies in folk medicine, or for other purposes such as antiques or exhibits. The impact of this category has appeared on some species, as it is on the verge of extinction from its natural habitats.

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Al Jouf University discusses the reality and challenges of water sustainability
Eng. Abdullah bin Ibrahim Al-Abdulkarim, Governor of the General Organization for Desalination of Saline Water, in the presence of the President of Al-Jawf University, Prof. Dr. Mohammed Al-Shaya, delivered a lecture entitled "Water Conservation .. Reality and the future) within the activities of Prince Nawaf bin Abdulaziz's chair.

Water Sustainability Challenges
The lecturer spoke about the sustainability of water in sufficient quantities and quality from the local scale to the global scale of the present and the future, for the survival of human life on the planet. He referred to the most important sources of water, such as surface and groundwater, dams, shallow and renewable water, and non-conventional water, which is desalinated sea water.

Globally desalinated water
The lecturer stated that the world's proportions of desalinated water are more than 46% in the Middle East and North Africa, while the share of Asia and the Pacific is about 17%, the share of North America is about 13%, while the share of Western Europe is about 12%, and by 4.7% Latin America and the Caribbean, South Asia 2.7%, Europe and Central 2.6%, while the share of the Sahara Desert of desalinated water is 1.7%.

Eng. Abdullah Al-Abdulkareem said that one of the goals of sustainable development globally is to ensure the availability of water and sanitation services for all and to manage them sustainably.

Vision 2030 Objectives
Eng. Al-Abdulkarim said that the programs of the Kingdom's Vision 2030 have set multiple strategic objectives related to water programs such as the National Transformation Program, the Rahman Guest Service Program, the Privatization Program, the National Industries and Logistics Program, and the Financial Sustainability Program.

The lecturer touched on other aspects, all of which are aimed at water conservation and sustainability, indicating in figures what the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is doing in this direction.

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Al-Jouf University holds a lecture on water conservation, reality and the future
Eng. Al-Abdulkarim

H.E. Eng. Abdullah bin Ibrahim Al-Abdulkarim, Governor of the Saline Water Desalination Corporation (SWCC), in the presence of H.E. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Al-Shaya, President of Al-Jawf University, delivered a lecture entitled "Water Conservation .. Reality and the Future" within the activities of Prince Nawaf bin Abdulaziz Chair.

The lecturer spoke about the sustainability of water in sufficient quantities and quality from the local scale to the global scale of the present and the future, for the survival of human life on the planet.

His Excellency referred to the most important water sources such as surface and groundwater, dams, shallow and renewable water, and non-conventional water, which is desalinated sea water.

The lecturer showed the proportions of water sources, which come glaciers by more than 68%, groundwater by 30%, and the percentage of salt water is more than 97%.

The lecturer stated that the world's share of desalinated water is more than 46 percent, while the share of Asia and the Pacific is about 17 percent, the share of North America is about 13 percent, while the share of Western Europe is about 12 percent, and 4.7 percent of Latin America and the Caribbean and South Asia is 2.7 percent, Europe and Central 2.6 percent, while the share of the Sahara Desert of desalinated water is 1.7 percent.

Eng. Abdullah Al-Abdulkareem said that one of the goals of sustainable development globally is to ensure the availability of water and sanitation services for all and to manage them sustainably.

Eng. Al-Abdulkareem said that the programs of the Kingdom's Vision 2040 have set multiple strategic objectives related to water programs such as the National Transformation Program, the Rahman Guest Service Program, the Privatization Program, the National Industries and Logistics Program, and the Financial Sustainability Program.

The lecturer touched on other aspects, all of which are in the conservation and sustainability of water, indicating in numbers what the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is doing in this direction. The lecture was attended by university faculty members and a number of district officials and students.

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