sebak mohamed mohamed

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) were successfully synthesized via the sol–gel method. Samples based on poly
(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (50/50 wt%) loaded with TiO2NPs was prepared via casting method.
X-ray difraction (XRD) showed that the semi-crystalline features of the PEO/PVP blend. Transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) shows that the prepared TiO2NPs have an average diameter of about 14.5 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)

The structural and optical properties of CdS window layer at different thicknesses in the
range of (100-300 nm) deposited on pre-cleaned glass substrates (CdS/glasses) via the
thermal evaporation process are studied in the current work. The structural analysis is done
using Rietveld refinement and atomic pressure microscope techniques. The films of
CdS/glass showcase a wurtzite behavior. XRD and AFM tests are confirmed that the
structural parameters improve as the thickness of the CdS-layer increases. The optical

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) are growing as attractive contenders for renewable energy technologies given their
low cost, adaptability, and environmental sustainability, rendering them valuable in combating climate change.
Interestingly, this work investigates the augmentation of photon absorption and overall efficiency in low-cost,
effective active layers (ALs) via gamma irradiation treatment, thereby raising the number of active absorption
sites. For the first time, novel Chitosan@PVA@rGO (CPG) composite sheets were created as AL materials and