Calculating the internal forces and drawing the free body diagram, Concept of stress and strain; Mechanical properties of materials, stress-strain relationships and Hooke’s law; Axial load; Shearing force and bending moment diagrams; Normal stresses in symmetrical and non -symmetrical sections due to normal forces and bending moment; Shear stresses in symmetrical solid and hollow sections; Torsional shear stresses in circular and non-circular sections; Combined stresses and Principal stresses; Transformation of stress and strain and Mohr’s circle, and buckling of columns.