Course Outline: This course is designed to give the student advanced knowledge about different types of preventive and interceptive appliances, and ensure that they acquire knowledge about different management techniques to control difficult, physically and medically compromised children. Course Outcomes: By the end of this course, student should be able to: 1. Describe the problems of premature loss of primary teeth and how to use the suitable appliances. 2. Explain the harmful effect of bad oral habits on teeth, occlusion and soft tissue with references to effective appliances used to stop the habit. 3. Understand why and how to apply the different behavioral management techniques for children. 4. Be aware of the different physical restrain used to control unmanageable children. 5. Illustrate the role of premeditations in controlling defiant children. 6. Elicit the importance of using conscious sedations and general anesthesia in pedodontics. Educational Materials: 1. Clinical training. Assessments of students 1. Continuous assessment. 2. Assessment of clinical cases References: 1. Dentistry for the child and Adolescent, Mc Donald, Avery, Dean, 8th ed., MOSBY, 2004.