Genetic polymorphism of eNOS (G894T) gene in insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients of Pakistani population

Background Insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) consequences in the development of metabolc syndrome. Due to the complex mechanism, various pathogenic factors like enviromental and genetic predispositon contribute to the disease pathogenicity. The reduced availability of eNOS has been determined as a mark of insulin resistance pathogenesis. Objective The objctive of this study was to investigate genetic polymorphism of eNOS (rs1799983; G894T) with susceptibility of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients from Pakistani population. Methods Total of 322 (161 T2DM cases and 161 healthy controls) subjects were recruited for this study. Genomic DNA extraction was carried out by standard phenol-chloroform protocols. PCR amplification of the unique oligonucleotides of eNOS gene was done and restriction fragment analysis (RFLP) was performed by site-specific enzyme BanII. Results The frequency of GG (wild genotype) was higher (77.6%) in cases than in controls (47.2%), heterozygous GT genotype higher in controls than patients (OR = 0.26, p < 0.0005 and after adjustment, OR = 0.34, p = 0.091). Different genetic models like dominant model of GT&TT was higher in controls than patients (OR 0.26, p < 0.0005; OR 0.29, p = 0.038 respectively) and log-additive model indicated the significant protective effect of the genotype before and after adjustment for the confounding factors. Conclusion This study demonstrates that there is no association between eNOS rs1799983 polymorphism and insulin resistance in T2DM patients of Pakistani population.