Determination of Serum Adiponectin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients of the Saudi Population in the Al-Jouf Region

Background and aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently considered a worldwide and national health problem. Adiponectin is a hormone that is secreted by adipose tissue and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim if this study is to determine the serum adiponectin levels in T2DM patients of the Al-Jouf region of Saudi Arabia. Material and method: We recruited 65 diabetes patients and 50 healthy control subjects. Serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total lipid profile levels, adiponectin, and insulin were measured in all subjects. Results: The comparison of biochemical parameters including fasting glucose, insulin, T-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), were significantly higher in patients than controls. The mean body mass index (BMI) and the index of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly lower in the controls than in the T2DM cases. Greatly reduced serum adiponectin (p < 0.01) was observed in patients rather than controls. Further, a base comparison of the serum adiponectin demonstrated markedly reduced adiponectin (p < 0.01) in females as opposed to males. Conclusions: Serum adiponectin levels were reduced in diabetics compared to controls. In comparison to males, females demonstrated a reduced adiponectin levels.