Evaluation of the efficacy of lemon leaf extract and clove essential oil as long- term sources for treating fungus and parasites linked to pet birds

Recent research has demonstrated that plant essential oils (Eos) can defend plants against both biotic and abiotic challenges. This study attempts to identify and isolate the pathogenic fungus that are present in two different species of pet birds. Additionally, research the viability of employing inexpensive, eco-friendly, natural items as a sanitizer to stop the spread of these fungus. Birds discovered in bird-selling homes provided samples, which were used to research the effectiveness of lemon leaf and clove essential oil (CEO) extracts against isolated fungus. The results revealed variance in the percentages and quantities of isolated fungus. The most prevalent fungus in birds, Penicillium glabrum, has a percentage of isolates of 39.5%, whereas Alternaria alternate has a percentage of 4% in Melopsittacus undulates and Serinus canaria, and Aspergillus niger has a percentage of isolates of 1.5%. CEO and Lemon leaf extract were examined for their antifungal properties against isolated fungi at doses from 5 mg/ml to 25 mg/ml. Additionally, CEO was more effective in inhibiting the development of fungus than lemon leaf extract, with a modest impact (41.2%) on fungi at 20 mg/ml of CEO compared to 70.6% at 20 mg/ml for lemon leaf extract. One of the most frequent parasite infestations in domestic and wild birds is mite infestation, which causes scratching and pain and is occasionally accompanied by a subsequent bacterial illness. The description of Isospora serinuse n. sp. is also based on a single domestic canary Different percentages of Serinus canaria forma were noted.