Electrochemical performance of In2O3-coated LiFePO4 as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries

A developed In2O3-coated LiFePO4 (In2O3@LFP) cathode was successfully fabricated by the sol–gel technique. The structure
of the fabricated cathode was scrutinized using Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and TEM techniques. The formation of the
LiFePO4 (LFP) phase with good crystallinity was affirmed by Raman spectroscopy and XRD results. Further, SEM and TEM
studies revealed that the fabricated cathode crystallizes with a spherical-like shape. The synthesized cathode exhibits a
remarkably improved electrochemical performance under the In2O3 coating layer. The In2O3@LFP cathode provides high
discharge and charge capacities, around 135 and 125 mA h g−1
. Furthermore, the coulombic efficiency of the In2O3@LFP
cathode was considerably promoted from 84% to 99.7%, demonstrating a high electrochemical stability during the succeeding
cycles. After 50 cycles, a high-capacity retention rate was achieved. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) results show the highest redox
currents and the best reversibility of the In2O3@LFP cathode. These remarkable electrochemical characteristics of the
In2O3@LFP electrode encourage the development of prospective cathode electrode materials.