Frequency of Diplopia in Zygomatic Complex Fractures— A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

The zygomatic complex is the second most common fracture of the facial bones after the nasal bone. The prominent
convex shape of the zygoma makes it vulnerable to traumatic injury. Diplopia is one of the serious complications of zygomatic
complex fracture and is a common subjective complaint. Objective. To determine the frequency of diplopia in zygomatic complex
fractures. Methodology. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ward, Civil
Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. The duration of the study was 1 year (March 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022). A total of 126 patients
having zygomatic complex fractures were included in this study. After recording the patient’s complete history, like demographic
details and cause for fracture, diplopia was examined clinically. If, during the examination, the patient complained of double vision,
this was labeled as diplopia positive (Yes) and negative (No) if the patient did not have any such complain. Data were statistically
analyzed. Results. The mean (
SD) age of patients was 33.42 (
9.27), with 91 (72.2%) male patients and 35 (27.8%) female
patients. The frequency of diplopia in zygomatic complex fractures was observed in 52 (41.3%) patients. The rate of diplopia was
significantly high in patients aged between 31 and 40 years (P-value¼0:0005). Conclusion. The frequency of diplopia among
patients having zygomatic complex fractures was high in this study. Thus, forming a strategy to properly diagnose and treat it and
to prevent persistent morbidity to improve patient’s quality of life is recommended