Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes: A Retrospective Study

The current research aimed to evaluate the hospitalized COVID-19 Patients’ characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes. The present hospital-based study was executed in the COVID-19 units of Aljouf province. A simple random sampling method was applied to include the 400 patients’ files and all the relevant data was collected. The association between the COVID-19 outcome with sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and immune status was assessed using the chi-square test. A p-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The common symptoms were fever (54.5%), followed by cough (47.8%), and shortness of breath (47.3%). The commonest comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (43.5%). Of the 400 patients, 77.3% had recovered without any complications, 4.5% had one or more complications, and mortality was 18.3%. The COVID-19 outcome (complete recovery, recovery with complications, and death) were significantly associated with age (p<0.001), immune status (p=0.001), diabetes (p=0.001), hypertension (p=0.001), IHD (p=0.025), CKD (p=0.001), and cardiac failure (p=0.008). Most of the patients (77.3%) recovered completely and a mortality rate of 18.3% was observed in our study. This study confirms that patients afflicted with co-morbid conditions like diabetes, hypertension, IHD, CKD, and cardiac failure are highly susceptible to poor outcomes.