Bergenin nano-lipid carrier to improve the oral delivery: development, optimization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation

This study aimed to prepare bergenin (BN) loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) to improve oral therapeutic efficacy. The preparation of BNNLC involved the utilization of melt-emulsification and ultrasonication techniques, followed by optimization using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The independent factors in this study were the concentration of total lipids (A), surfactant (B), and sonication duration (C). The impacts of these factors were assessed on the dependent variables, namely particle size (PS, Y1) and entrapment efficiency (EE, Y2). The optimized BN nano-lipid carrier (BNNLCo) has shown a PS of 174.3 ± 5.4 nm, EE of 80.6 ± 1.92 %, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.086 and zeta potential of −35.6 ± 3.61 mV. The solid-state characterization results showed that BN was completely encapsulated into the NLC matrix. The BNNLCo exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) sustained release (74.2 ± 3.9 %) than pure BN