Determination of Serum Adiponectin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients of the Saudi Population in the Al-Jouf Region

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently considered a worldwide and national health problem. Adiponectin isa hormone that is secreted by the adipose tissue and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to determine the serum adiponectin levels in T2DM patients of the Al-Jouf region of Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: We recruited 65 diabetes patients and 50 healthy control subjects. Serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total lipid profile levels, adiponectin, and insulin were measured in all subjects. Results: The comparison of biochemical parameters, including fasting glucose, insulin, T-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), were significantly higher in patients than controls. The mean body mass index (BMI) and the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index were significantly lower in controls compared to the T2DM cases. Considerably reduced serum adiponectin (p < 0.01) levels were observed in patients rather than controls. Further, a base comparison of the serum adiponectin demonstrated notably reduced adiponectin (p < 0.01) levels in females compared to males. Conclusions: Serum adiponectin levels were reduced in people with diabetes compared to controls. In comparison to males, females showed reduced adiponectin levels.