Introducing of novel class of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5- carbonitrile analogs with potent antimicrobial activity, DNA gyrase inhibition, and prominent pharmacokinetic and CNS toxicity profiles supported by molecular dynamic simulation

Microbiological DNA gyrase is recognized as an exceptional microbial target for the innovative development of lowresistant and more effective antimicrobial drugs. Hence, we introduced a one-pot facile synthesis of a novel
pyranopyrazole scaffold bearing different functionalities; substituted aryl ring, nitrile, and hydroxyl groups. All new
analogs were characterized with full spectroscopic data. The antimicrobial screening for all analogs was assessed
against standard strains of Gm + ve and Gm-ve through in vitro considers. The screened compounds displayed very
promising MIC/MBC values against some of the bacterial strains with broad or selective antibacterial effects. Of
these, 4j biphenyl analog showed 0.5-2/2-8 µg/mL MIC/MBC for suppression and killing of Gm + ve and Gm-ve
strains. Moreover, the antimicrobial screening was assessed for the most potent analogs against certain highly
resistant microbial strains. Consequently, DNA gyrase supercoiling assay was done for all analogs using
ciprofloxacin as reference positive control. Obviously, the results showed a different activity profile with potent
analog 4j with IC value 6.29 µg/mL better than reference drug 10.2 µg/mL. Additionally, CNS toxicity testing was
done using the HiB5 cell line for attenuation of GABA/NMDA expression to both 4j and ciprofloxacin compounds
that revealed better neurotransmitter modulation by novel scaffold. Importantly, docking and dynamic simulations
were performed for the most active 4j analog to investigate its interaction with DNA binding sites, which supported
the in vitro observations and compound stability with binding pocket. Finally, a novel scaffold pyranopyrazole was
introduced as a DNA gyrase inhibitor with prominent antibacterial efficacy and low CNS side effect toxicity better