Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Bacteria Isolated from Circumcised and Non-Circumcised Women with Urinary Tract Infections in Different Gynecological Clinics in Khartoum Locality, Sudan

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the diseases that are widely spreading
among women. A number of factors contribute to UTIs, including circumcision, which narrows
the opening of the urinary system. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019
to February 2021 to detect the frequency of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from
circumcised women attending two Clinics, for Gyncology in Khartoum locality. Conventional
methods were used for isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A total
of 80 midstream urine samples (n = 80) were collected from all female eligible volunteers, of
which 40 had been circumcised and 40 had not. The study investigated 80 females aged 7-70
years, with a mean of 29.3 + 13.1 SD. There were 16/40 (40%) circumcised women who were
married and 23/40 (60%) single, whereas for non-circumcised women there were 7/40 (17.5%)
married and 33/40 (82.5%) single. Among the circumcised patients, 34/40 (85%) had growths
compared to 6/40 (15%) of the non-circumcised participants, and UTIs were significantly
associated with circumcision (P=0.001). Circumcised females had a 32 times higher odd ratio
(O.R) of UTIs than non-circumcised females. Escherichia coli was the most predominant
isolate among circumcised and non-circumcised women (15(37.5%)). The isolated bacteria in
circumcised women were moderately sensitive to Augmentin 22/34 (67.7%) and Gentamycin
20/34 (58.8%) compared to other antimicrobial agents; Ciprofloxacin 16/34(47.1%), Cefuroxime
12/34(35.3) and Amoxycillin 10/34 (29.4%) while all Gram negative rods were highly resistant
to Nalidixic acid (100.0%). In contrast to non-circumised women; all isolated bacteria were
highly sensitive to Gentamicin 6/6 (100.0%) and Cefuroxime 5/6(83.3%), and moderate sensitive
to Augmentin 4/6 (66.7%) and Ciprofloxacin 4/6(66.7%). Also all isolated were highly resistant to
Nalidixic acid (100.0%) and Amoxycillin 1/6 (16.7%). UTIs and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria
were more prevalent among circumcised women than non-circumcised women. E.coli was the
most prevalent bacteria among circumcised and non- circumcised women.