Reverse Vaccinology Approach to Identify Novel and Immunogenic Targets against Streptococcus gordonii

This study utilizes subtractive proteomics and pangenome analysis to identify essential non-homologous pathogenic surface proteins that may serve as potential targets for vaccine candidates. The vaccine design incorporates specific B- and T-cell epitopes coupled with adjuvants to enhance the immune response. Computational methods, such as in silico gene cloning, docking studies, and immunological simulation, are employed to assess the efficacy of the vaccine design. The study emphasizes the necessity for further validation through in vitro and in vivo testing to confirm the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, despite the positive outcomes shown. This method represents a significant advancement in utilizing immunization to proactively prevent infections caused by S. gordonii.