Synergistic niobium carbide (Nb₂CTₓ) MXene@Tin disulfide (SnS₂) hierarchical hybrids for superior capacitance and stability in advanced supercapacitors

The urgent need for sustainable energy storage has catalyzed the development of advanced electrochemical
systems. This work demonstrates a high-performance hybrid electrode material synthesized by integrating tin
disulfide (SnS2) with niobium carbide MXene (Nb2CTx). The Nb2CTx@SnS2 composite was successfully prepared
via a hydrothermal method, leveraging the synergistic interaction between its components to enhance charge
storage. In a three-electrode configuration, the composite exhibited an outstanding specific capacity of 1162 C/g
at 1 A/g. To assess practical applicability, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was constructed using
Nb2CTx@SnS2 as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The assembled
device achieved a notable specific capacity of 159 C/g at 1 A/g and exceptional cycling stability, with 91.3 %
capacity retention over 9000 cycles. The asymmetric device achieved 84 Wh/kg energy density coupled with
792 W/kg power density, a performance benchmark that surpasses many existing hybrid systems. This
compelling combination of high energy and power, along with exceptional durability, establishes the
Nb2CTx@SnS2 composite as a front-runner material for future energy storage technologies.